توضیحات
How did an obscure academic idea pave the way to the Holocaust within just fifty years?
Control is a book about eugenics, what geneticist Adam Rutherford calls a defining idea of the twentieth century. Inspired by Darwins ideas about evolution, eugenics arose in Victorian England as a theory for improving the British population, and quickly spread to America, where it was embraced by presidents, funded by Gilded Age monopolists, and enshrined into racist American laws that became the ideological cornerstone of the Third Reich. Despite this horrific legacy, eugenics looms large today as the advances in genetics in the last thirty yearsfrom the sequencing of the human genome to modern gene editing techniqueshave brought the idea of population purification back into the mainstream.
Eugenics has a short history, but a long past, Rutherford writes. The first half of Control is the history of an idea, from its roots in key philosophical texts of the classical world all the way into their genocidal enactment in the twentieth century. The second part of the book explores how eugenics operates today, as part of our language and culture, as part of current political and racial discussions, and as an eternal temptation to powerful people who wish to improve society through reproductive control.
With disarming wit and scientific precision, Rutherford explains why eugenics still figures prominently in the twenty-first century, despite its genocidal past. And he confronts insidious recurring questions did eugenics work in Nazi Germany? And could it work today?revealing the intellectual bankruptcy of the idea, and the scientific impossibility of its realization.
Review
‘A remarkable combination of intelligence, knowledge, insight and admirable political passion, on a serious moral problem in contemporary society.’
Carlo Rovelli, author of Seven Brief Lessons on Physics
‘A short, sharp, illuminating overview of the science, politics, uses and abuses of human gene editing’
Tim Adams, Observer
‘Weighty and serious but accessible and perfectly pitched. The scholarship is astounding.’
Alice Roberts, author of Ancestors
‘A clear-sighted look at the past and present dangers of eugenics. Rutherford tells [the story] with great concision and with clarity, both scientific and moral. [He] condenses tricky concepts into smart and often witty prose, combining erudition with humility. Honest, informed and humane.’
Philip Ball, Financial Times
‘Rutherfords swift, well-written account of these fascinating scientific and moral issues is well worth a read.’
Emma Duncan, The Times
‘Control is persuasive, sensible and ultimately reassuring, but it is not complacent. To know history is to inoculate ourselves against its being repeated, Rutherford argues. From that perspective, this book is a shot worth having.’
Katy Guest, Guardian
‘[Rutherfords] scientific demolition of the eugenic project is brilliantly illuminating and compelling. His book will be indispensable for anyone who wants to assess the wild claims and counter-claims surrounding new genetic technologies.’
John Gray, New Statesman
‘[A] stimulating critique of one of sciences most disgraceful chapters.’
Publishers Weekly
About the Author
Adam Rutherford is the author of A Brief History of Everyone Who Ever Lived. He lives in London, UK.
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ترجمه ماشینی :
چگونه یک ایده دانشگاهی مبهم راه را برای هولوکاست در عرض پنجاه سال هموار کرد؟ “کنترل” کتابی است درباره اصلاح نژاد، چیزی که آدام رادرفورد، ژنتیک شناس، ایده تعیین کننده قرن بیستم می نامد. اصلاح نژاد با الهام از ایده های داروین در مورد تکامل، در انگلستان ویکتوریایی به عنوان نظریه ای برای بهبود جمعیت بریتانیا پدید آمد، و به سرعت به آمریکا گسترش یافت، جایی که توسط روسای جمهور مورد استقبال قرار گرفت، توسط انحصارگران عصر طلایی حمایت مالی شد و در قوانین نژادپرستانه آمریکا گنجانده شد که به ایدئولوژیک تبدیل شد. سنگ بنای رایش سوم علیرغم این میراث وحشتناک، اصلاح نژاد امروزی بزرگ است زیرا پیشرفتهای ژنتیک در سی سال گذشته از توالییابی ژنوم انسان تا تکنیکهای ویرایش ژن مدرن، ایده خالصسازی جمعیت را به جریان اصلی بازگردانده است. رادرفورد می نوی
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