توضیحات
St. Jerome’s reputation rests primarily on his achievements as a translator and as a scriptural exegete. The important service that he rendered to the Church in his doctrinal works is often overlooked or minimized by those who look for originality and independence of thought. St. Jerome was not a theologian in the strict sense of the word. He was no original thinker, and he never abandoned himself to personal meditation of dogma as St. Augustine did. Although he kept strictly to what he found in tradition, the importance of his doctrinal authority is not thereby lessened.
After spending twelve years of his early life at his native Stridon, he was sent to Rome in the year 359 to finish his literary studies. For the next eight years, from 359 to 367, St. Jerome studied very diligently grammar, the humanities, rhetoric, and dialectics. He also took a passionate interest in the Greek and Latin classics, in the philosophers and poets, and especially in the satirists and comic poets. These studies, it seems, tended not to soften, but to exaggerate the temperament of St. Jerome who was by nature irascible and impulsive, and sensitive to criticism and contradiction. The reading in the satirists and the comic poets developed in him a taste for caricature and a penchant for making damaging allusions. Moreover, the trials before the Roman tribunes, which he attended eagerly, and wherein the advocates indulged in mutual personal invective, further developed in him the art and science of polemics which he was to employ so effectively and skillfully in the controversies which were to engage his attention seriously.
St. Jerome stressed the fact that the Church must always be regarded as the supreme rule and decisive standard of the Christian faith; and that that Church gives the true sense of the Scriptures, and is representative of tradition. It was owing to this firm conviction on the part of St. Jerome that the years of his later life were consumed in endless conflicts with the enemies of the Church. St. Jerome never spared heretics, but always saw it that the enemies of the Church were his own enemies. His encounter with the Sabellians was St. Jerome’s first quarrel with an enemy of the Church. He gave notice early in his life that he would be a staunch protector of the doctrinal authority of the Church, and that he stood ready to attack any and all heresies that raised their heads against the Catholic faith.
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ترجمه ماشینی :
شهرت سنت ژروم اساساً بر دستاوردهای او به عنوان مترجم و مفسر کتاب مقدس استوار است. خدمات مهمی که او در آثار اعتقادی خود به کلیسا کرد اغلب توسط کسانی که به دنبال اصالت و استقلال اندیشه هستند نادیده گرفته می شود یا به حداقل می رسد. سنت ژروم به معنای دقیق کلمه یک الهی دان نبود. او متفکر اصیلی نبود، و هرگز مانند سنت آگوستین خود را به مراقبه شخصی از جزم گرایی رها نکرد. اگرچه او کاملاً به آنچه در سنت می یافت پایبند بود، اما در نتیجه از اهمیت اقتدار اعتقادی او کاسته نمی شود. پس از گذراندن دوازده سال از زندگی اولیه خود در زادگاهش استریدون، در سال 359 برای پایان تحصیلات ادبی خود به رم فرستاده شد. برای هشت سال بعد، از 359 تا 367، سنت ژروم با سخت کوشی دستور زبان، علوم انسانی، بلاغت و دیالکتیک را مطالعه کرد. او همچنین به کلاسیک های یونانی و لاتین، به فیلسوفان و شاعران، و به ویژه به طنزپردازان و شاعران طنز علاقه شدیدی داشت. به نظر می رسد که این مطالعات نه به سمت نرم کردن، بلکه به اغراق در خلق و خوی سنت ژروم که ذاتاً تندخو و تکانشی و حساس به انتقاد و تناقض بود، تمایل داشت. خوانش طنزپردازان و شاعران طنز، ذوق کاریکاتور و میل به اشارات مخرب را در او ایجاد کرد. بعلاوه، محاکمههای پیش از تریبونهای رومی، که او مشتاقانه در آن شرکت میکرد،
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