توضیحات
‘The disperse system is a set of individual elements of material with the characteristic dimensions considerably smaller than the dimensions of the system as a whole. The disperse medium is the medium consisting of the individual elements of the material of one phase, separated from each other by the material of the other phase. The disperse system or medium is microdisperse if the total surface area of its disperse elements influences the macroscopic properties of the material, forming the system or medium. The microdisperse system or medium is nanodisperse if the elements forming it are so small that their molecular properties greatly influence the properties of the system or medium as a whole and even lead to the formation of new properties which the homogeneous matter does not have. The new properties of the disperse systems make it possible to develop and create new technologies which are referred to as nanotechnologies. The process as a result of which the material is transformed from the homogeneous to the disperse state is referred to as dispersion. As a result of dispersion the individual elements of the matter of the produced disperse system are separated by the interlayers of a foreign medium. In the process of refining the matter the increase of the number N of the individual elements with the size r in the closed system the total area of the boundaries of the matter S with the foreign medium increase in inverse proportion to the size of the elements S ~ r-1 and in proportion to the cubic root of the number of the elements S ~ N1/3′– Read more…
Abstract: ‘The disperse system is a set of individual elements of material with the characteristic dimensions considerably smaller than the dimensions of the system as a whole. The disperse medium is the medium consisting of the individual elements of the material of one phase, separated from each other by the material of the other phase. The disperse system or medium is microdisperse if the total surface area of its disperse elements influences the macroscopic properties of the material, forming the system or medium. The microdisperse system or medium is nanodisperse if the elements forming it are so small that their molecular properties greatly influence the properties of the system or medium as a whole and even lead to the formation of new properties which the homogeneous matter does not have. The new properties of the disperse systems make it possible to develop and create new technologies which are referred to as nanotechnologies. The process as a result of which the material is transformed from the homogeneous to the disperse state is referred to as dispersion. As a result of dispersion the individual elements of the matter of the produced disperse system are separated by the interlayers of a foreign medium. In the process of refining the matter the increase of the number N of the individual elements with the size r in the closed system the total area of the boundaries of the matter S with the foreign medium increase in inverse proportion to the size of the elements S ~ r-1 and in proportion to the cubic root of the number of the elements S ~ N1/3’
“سیستم پراکنده مجموعه ای از عناصر منفرد از مواد با ابعاد مشخصه به طور قابل توجهی کوچکتر از ابعاد سیستم به عنوان یک کل است. محیط پراکنده محیطی است متشکل از عناصر منفرد ماده یک فاز که توسط ماده فاز دیگر از یکدیگر جدا شده اند. اگر مساحت کل عناصر پراکنده آن بر خواص ماکروسکوپی ماده تأثیر بگذارد، سیستم پراکنده یا رسانه میکرو پراکنده است. اگر عناصر تشکیلدهنده آن به قدری کوچک باشند که خواص مولکولی آنها بر خواص سیستم یا محیط به طور کلی تأثیر بگذارد و حتی منجر به تشکیل ویژگیهای جدیدی شود که ماده همگن آن را ندارد، سیستم میکرو پراکنده یا محیط نانو پراکنده است. ویژگیهای جدید سیستمهای پراکنده امکان توسعه و ایجاد فناوریهای جدیدی را فراهم میکند که از آن به عنوان فناوری نانو یاد میشود. فرآیندی که در نتیجه آن ماده از حالت همگن به حالت پراکنده تبدیل می شود، پراکندگی نامیده می شود. در نتیجه پراکندگی، عناصر منفرد ماده سیستم پراکنده تولید شده توسط لایه های میانی یک محیط خارجی از هم جدا می شوند. در فرآیند پالایش ماده، افزایش تعداد N از عناصر منفرد با اندازه r در سیستم بسته، مساحت کل مرزهای ماده S با محیط خارجی به نسبت معکوس با اندازه عناصر S افزایش می یابد. ~ r-1 و به نسبت ریشه مکعب تعداد عناصر S ~ N1/3′– ادامه مطلب…
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