توضیحات
‘Preface It was in the year 1978 when Mr. Chi Xu published his head-turning reportage, entitled The Goldbach Conjecture, that Chinese people with great national enthusiasm learned about Jingrun Chen, a mathematician, and his life-long attempt to prove the problem of 1 + 1 = 2, a shining star on the mathematical crown. However, as of the present day, the public is still not adequately acquainted with systems science and the fundamental idea behind 1 + 1> 2. Within the landscape of modern science, at the same time when disciplines are further and further refined and narrowed, interdisciplinary studies appear in abundance. As science further develops and human understanding of nature deepens, it is discovered that many systems interact nonlinearly with each other and do not satisfy the property of additivity. Their emergent irreversibility and sensitivity cannot be analyzed and understood by using the methodology of the traditional reductionism. Facing this challenge, systems science appeared in response of time. The most fundamental characteristic of this science is the concept of ’emergence’: The whole that consists of a large number of individuals that interact with each other according to some elementary rules possesses some complicated properties. That is, the whole is greater than the sum of its parts (1 + 1> 2). The basic tasks of systems science are the exploration of complexity and the discovery of elementary laws that govern complex systems of different kinds so that by making use of the principles of systems science, one can explain many complicated and numerous matters and events of the kaleidoscopic world and provide different control mechanisms’– Read more…
Abstract: ‘Preface It was in the year 1978 when Mr. Chi Xu published his head-turning reportage, entitled The Goldbach Conjecture, that Chinese people with great national enthusiasm learned about Jingrun Chen, a mathematician, and his life-long attempt to prove the problem of 1 + 1 = 2, a shining star on the mathematical crown. However, as of the present day, the public is still not adequately acquainted with systems science and the fundamental idea behind 1 + 1> 2. Within the landscape of modern science, at the same time when disciplines are further and further refined and narrowed, interdisciplinary studies appear in abundance. As science further develops and human understanding of nature deepens, it is discovered that many systems interact nonlinearly with each other and do not satisfy the property of additivity. Their emergent irreversibility and sensitivity cannot be analyzed and understood by using the methodology of the traditional reductionism. Facing this challenge, systems science appeared in response of time. The most fundamental characteristic of this science is the concept of ’emergence’: The whole that consists of a large number of individuals that interact with each other according to some elementary rules possesses some complicated properties. That is, the whole is greater than the sum of its parts (1 + 1> 2). The basic tasks of systems science are the exploration of complexity and the discovery of elementary laws that govern complex systems of different kinds so that by making use of the principles of systems science, one can explain many complicated and numerous matters and events of the kaleidoscopic world and provide different control mechanisms’
«پیشگفتار در سال 1978 بود که آقای چی ژو گزارش هولناک خود را تحت عنوان حدس گلدباخ منتشر کرد که مردم چین با اشتیاق فراوان ملی در مورد جینگرون چن، ریاضیدان، و تلاش مادام العمر او برای اثبات این مسئله مطلع شدند. از 1 + 1 = 2، یک ستاره درخشان بر روی تاج ریاضی. با این حال، تا امروز، عموم مردم هنوز به اندازه کافی با علم سیستم و ایده اساسی پشت 1 + 1> 2 آشنا نیستند. در چشم انداز مدرن علم، در همان زمان که رشته ها بیشتر و بیشتر پالایش و محدود می شوند، مطالعات بین رشته ای به وفور ظاهر می شوند. همانطور که علم بیشتر توسعه مییابد و درک انسان از طبیعت عمیقتر میشود، کشف میشود که بسیاری از سیستمها به صورت غیرخطی با یکدیگر تعامل دارند و خاصیت افزایشی را برآورده نمیکنند. برگشت ناپذیری و حساسیت ظهور آنها را نمی توان با استفاده از روش شناسی تقلیل گرایی سنتی تحلیل و درک کرد. در مواجهه با این چالش، علم سیستم در پاسخ به زمان ظاهر شد. اساسی ترین ویژگی این علم، مفهوم «ظهور» است: کلیتی که متشکل از تعداد زیادی از افراد است که بر اساس برخی قوانین ابتدایی با یکدیگر تعامل دارند، دارای ویژگی های پیچیده ای است. یعنی کل بزرگتر از مجموع اجزای آن است (1 + 1> 2). وظایف اساسی علم سیستم ها کاوش در پیچیدگی و کشف قوانین ابتدایی حاکم بر سیستم های پیچیده از انواع مختلف است تا با استفاده از اصول علم سیستم ها بتوان بسیاری از مسائل و رویدادهای پیچیده و متعدد دنیای کالیدوسکوپی را توضیح داد. و مکانیسم های کنترلی مختلفی را ارائه می دهد’– ادامه مطلب…
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