توضیحات
pt. I. Histories and Hierarchies. Ch. 1. Introduction: Knowing and Remembering. Ch. 2. Classifying and Counting — pt. II. Pleasures. Ch. 3. Rules of the House. Ch. 4. Affairs of the Heart. Ch. 5. Tricks of the Trade. Ch. 6. Careers — pt. III. Dangers. Ch. 7. Trafficking. Ch. 8. Law and Disorder. Ch. 9. Disease — pt. IV. Interventions. Ch. 10. Reformers. Ch. 11. Regulators. Ch. 12. Revolutionaries — pt. V. Contemporary Conversations. Ch. 13. Naming. Ch. 14. Explaining. Ch. 15. History, Memory, and Nostalgia — Glossary of Chinese Characters.;This pioneering work examines prostitution in Shanghai from the late nineteenth century to the present. Drawn mostly from the daughters and wives of the working poor and declasse elites, prostitutes in Shanghai were near the bottom of class and gender hierarchies. Yet they were central figures in Shanghai urban life, entering the historical record whenever others wanted to appreciate, castigate, count, regulate, cure, pathologize, warn about, rescue, eliminate, or deploy them as a symbol in a larger social panorama. Over the past century, prostitution has been understood in many ways: as a source of urbanized pleasures, a profession full of unscrupulous and greedy schemers, a changing site of work for women, a source of moral danger and physical disease, a marker of national decay, and a sign of modernity. For the Communist leadership of the 1950s, the elimination of prostitution symbolized China’s emergence as a strong, healthy, and modern nation. In the past decade, as prostitution once again has become a recognized feature of Chinese society, it has been incorporated into a larger public discussion about what kind of modernity China should seek and what kind of sex and gender arrangements should characterize that modernity. Prostitutes, like every other non-elite group, did not record their own lives. How can sources generated by intense public argument about the ‘larger’ meanings of prostitution be read for clues to those lives? Hershatter makes use of a broad range of materials: guidebooks to the pleasure quarters, collections of anecdotes about high-class courtesans, tabloid gossip columns, municipal regulations prohibiting street soliciting, police interrogations of streetwalkers and those accused of trafficking in women, newspaper reports on court cases involving both courtesans and streetwalkers, polemics by Chinese and foreign reformers, learned articles by Chinese scholars commenting on the world history of prostitution and analyzing its local causes, surveys by doctors and social workers on sexually transmitted disease in various Shanghai populations, relief agency records, fictionalized accounts of the scams and sufferings of prostitutes, memoirs by former courtesan house patrons, and interviews with former officials and reformers. Although a courtesan may never set pen to paper, we can infer a great deal about her strategizing and working of the system through the vast cautionary literature that tells her customers how not to be defrauded by her. Newspaper accounts of the arrests and brief court testimonies of Shanghai streetwalkers let us glimpse the way that prostitutes positioned themselves to get the most they could from the legal system. Without recourse to direct speech, Hershatter argues, these women have nevertheless left an audible trace. Central to this study is the investigation of how things are known and later remembered, and how, later still, they are simultaneously apprehended and reinvented by the historian.
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ترجمه ماشینی :
pt I. تاریخ و سلسله مراتب. چ. 1. مقدمه: دانستن و به خاطر سپردن. چ. 2. طبقه بندی و شمارش — pt. II. لذت ها چ. 3. قوانین مجلس. چ. 4. امور دل. چ. 5. ترفندهای تجارت. چ. 6. مشاغل — امتیاز. III. خطرات چ. 7. قاچاق. چ. 8. قانون و بی نظمی. چ. 9. بیماری — pt. IV. مداخلات چ. 10. اصلاح طلبان. چ. 11. تنظیم کننده ها. چ. 12. انقلابیون — pt. V. گفتگوهای معاصر. چ. 13. نامگذاری. چ. 14. توضیح دادن. چ. 15. تاریخ، حافظه و نوستالژی — واژه نامه شخصیت های چینی. این اثر پیشگام به بررسی فحشا در شانگهای از اواخر قرن نوزدهم تا کنون می پردازد. روسپیهای شانگهای که عمدتاً از دختران و همسران طبقه فقیر کارگر و نخبگان طبقهبندی شده بودند، نزدیک به پایینترین سلسله مراتب طبقاتی و جنسیتی بودند. با این حال، آنها شخصیتهای اصلی زندگی شهری شانگهای بودند و هر زمان که دیگران میخواستند قدردانی کنند، سرزنش کنند، بشمارند، تنظیم کنند، درمان کنند، آسیبشناسی کنند، درباره آنها هشدار دهند، نجات دهند، حذف کنند یا به عنوان نمادی در یک چشمانداز اجتماعی بزرگتر به کار ببرند، وارد رکورد تاریخی میشوند. در طول قرن گذشته، روسپیگری به طرق مختلف شناخته شده است: به عنوان منبعی از لذت های شهری، حرفه ای مملو از نقشه کشان بی وجدان و حریص، محل کار در حال تغییر برای زنان، منبع خطر اخلاقی و بیماری جسمی، نشانگر ملیت. زوال، و نشانه مدرنیته است. برای رهبری کمونیست دهه 1950، حذف فحشا نمادی از ظهور چین به عنوان یک ملت قوی، سالم و مدرن بود. در دهه گذشته، از آنجایی
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